硬件设置 ============== 内置网卡 ------------------- 配置网卡地址,编辑文件\ ``/etc/network/interfaces``\ 。默认配置如下: :: iface eth0 inet dhcp 如果设置为固定IP,可参照帮助: .. code-block:: sh $ man interfaces 无线网卡 ----------------- 用\ ``dmesg``\ 诊断: .. code-block:: sh $ dmesg | grep usb 查看USB设备中的无线网卡: .. code-block:: sh $ lsusb Bus 001 Device 007: ID 0bda:8178 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8192CU 802.11n WLAN Adapter ... 安装无线网卡相应的firmeware。 .. code-block:: sh $ sudo aptitude install firmware-realtek 无线网卡正确驱动后,执行下面命令扫描可用的无线网络: .. code-block:: sh $ iwlist scan | less 编辑\ ``/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf``\ 文件,\ 在该文件中添加不同的无线网设置,以便自动适配。 :: ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev update_config=1 # WPA-Personal (PSK) network={ ssid="home" scan_ssid=1 key_mgmt=WPA-PSK psk="密钥" id_str="home" } # work network; use EAP-TLS with WPA; allow only CCMP and TKIP ciphers network={ ssid="work" scan_ssid=1 key_mgmt=WPA-EAP pairwise=CCMP TKIP group=CCMP TKIP eap=TLS identity="user@example.com" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem" private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv" private_key_passwd="password" id_str="work" } # non encrypted network network={ ssid="unsecure" scan_ssid=1 key_mgmt=NONE id_str="unsecure" } 然后编辑\ ``/etc/network/interfaces``\ 配置文件。如果无线网卡自动设置IP地址,如下: :: allow-hotplug wlan0 iface wlan0 inet manual wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf iface default inet dhcp 如果希望在不同环境下(id_str设定环境名),采用不同IP地址分配策略: :: allow-hotplug wlan0 iface wlan0 inet manual wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf # Leave this in to default to dhcp iface default inet dhcp # At home, we want to have a static IP 192.168.1.2/24 with default gw 192.168.1.1 iface home inet static address 192.168.1.2 network 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.1.1 # At work, we want static IP 10.0.0.10/24 with default gw 10.0.0.1 iface work inet static address 10.0.0.20 network 255.255.255.0 gateway 10.0.0.1 启动无线网: .. code-block:: sh $ sudo ifdown wlan0 $ sudo ifup wlan0 查看无线网卡: .. code-block:: sh $ sudo iwconfig 查看无线网卡IP: .. code-block:: sh $ sudo ifconfig wlan0 蓝牙 ------- 安装软件: .. code-block:: sh $ sudo aptitude install bluetooth bluez-utils 安装桌面下的蓝牙配置图形界面: .. code-block:: sh $ sudo aptitude install blueman 编辑配置文件\ ``/etc/default/bluetoolth``\ : 1. 自动启动蓝牙: :: BLUETOOTH_ENABLED=1 2. 启用蓝牙鼠标和键盘: :: HID2HCI_ENABLED=1 如果使用图形界面配置蓝牙,下面的步骤可以忽略。 检查蓝牙服务状态: .. code-block:: sh $ /etc/init.d/bluetooth status 显示USB蓝牙模块,已确认正确安装: .. code-block:: sh $ hcitool dev Devices: hci0 00:1A:7D:DA:71:13 扫描蓝牙设备: .. code-block:: sh $ hcitool scan Scanning ... 00:0F:F6:82:D1:BB Motorola Bluetooth Wireless Keyboard 记录设备的MAC地址,用下面命令和蓝牙设备配对: .. code-block:: sh $ bluez-simple-agent hci0 00:0F:F6:82:D1:BB RequestPinCode (/org/bluez/3964/hci0/dev_00_0F_F6_82_D1_BB) Enter PIN Code: Release New device (/org/bluez/3964/hci0/dev_00_0F_F6_82_D1_BB) 信任设备以便下次自动连接: .. code-block:: sh $ bluez-test-device trusted 00:0F:F6:82:D1:BB yes 或者: .. code-block:: sh $ bt-device --set 00:0F:F6:82:D1:BB Trusted 1 查看蓝牙连接: .. code-block:: sh $ hcitool con Connections: < ACL 00:0F:F6:82:D1:BB handle 41 state 1 lm MASTER AUTH ENCRYPT 查看注册的蓝牙设备: .. code-block:: sh $ bt-device -l 蓝牙音频 .. code-block:: sh $ sudo aptitude install pulseaudio pulseaudio-module-bluetooth bluez-audio pavucontrol bluez-firmware bluez-tools bt-audio -c 00:02:3C:38:AC:B9